ANTIVIRUS SOFTWARE
Antivirus software is available in both commercial and
freeware versions with a variety of features and prices,
usually from free to less than $50.
Most antivirus software works by examining files as they
arrive at the computer and by scanning later at configurable
pre-set times. The programs work by examining each e-mail
attachment and downloaded file looking for virus
'signatures'.
If a virus is found the user will be alerted and infected
programs and attachments can be cleansed of the virus or, if
not possible, infected files can be deleted or placed into
'quarantine' where they can't be run.
UPDATES
Whare are signatures? All programs have instructions in a
pattern. Computer viruses - like their biological
counterparts - come in known, though evolving, patterns. The
fact of evolution is the reason virus-checking files need to
be regularly updated. Updated files contain lists and the
characteristics of new signatures.
Most antivirus software can be configured to alert you when
the virus checking files are out of date, and even to
automatically refresh signature files with the latest
versions.
USER PARTICIPATION
Users can become complacent after installing antivirus
software, thinking they're totally protected and don't need
to worry about becoming infected.
Apart from the fact that antivirus software is written by
humans, who can make errors, vendors can only react to
viruses after they're created. By that time, much damage can
already have been done. An e-mail attachment or program may
be infected with a new type of virus that your software
cannot (yet) detect.
Some antivirus software can - to a limited extent - detect
virus activity even without being able to identify a
particular virus. This is an extra level of protection
against the latest viruses, but still shouldn't allow users
to become overconfident.
Always use trusted sources for downloading software and
treat every e-mail attachment with caution.
OTHER INFECTION ROUTES
Lastly, a special note about CDs and DVDs. While they can't
be written to (those that can are called CD-R's, DVD-R/W or
some variation), they can still contain viruses. Users who
burn their own CDs or DVDs - inexpensive and easy these days
- can accidentally copy infected programs onto the disc.
Since CDs can contain files that automatically act when the
disc is inserted, it's possible - though rare - for viruses
to be spread without additional user action.
Once again, the lesson is clear. Only accept material from
those you know and trust, and who practice 'safe file
sharing'.
Be safe out there, now.
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